Polycystic ovary syndrome, commonly known as PCOS, is a complex medical condition that affects women’s hormonal balance.

At Venkata Padma Hospital, we understand the unique challenges posed by PCOS, and we’re here to provide compassionate care and effective treatments. Our dedicated team of healthcare professionals is committed to your well-being.

Understanding PCOS

PCOS is characterized by an abnormal production of androgens, which are typically male sex hormones found in small quantities in women. The name “polycystic ovary syndrome” refers to the presence of numerous small fluid-filled sacs, or cysts, that can develop in the ovaries. However, it’s essential to note that not all women with PCOS have cysts, and conversely, some women without PCOS can develop cysts.

The Impact of PCOS

Ovulation, the release of a mature egg from the ovary, is a critical part of the female reproductive cycle. In PCOS, hormonal imbalances can disrupt ovulation, leading to the formation of multiple small cysts in the ovaries. These cysts produce androgens, causing irregular menstrual cycles and various PCOS symptoms.

Causes of PCOS

The precise cause of PCOS remains unclear, but certain factors may contribute to its development. Many women with PCOS exhibit insulin resistance, where the body struggles to use insulin effectively. This can lead to elevated androgen levels. Additionally, obesity can exacerbate insulin levels and worsen PCOS symptoms. PCOS also appears to have a genetic component, often running in families.

Recognizing PCOS Symptoms

The symptoms of PCOS can vary from person to person but may include:

– Excess body hair (hirsutism)
– Irregular or missed periods
– Acne or oily skin
– Enlarged ovaries or cysts
– Weight gain, especially in the abdominal area
– Male-pattern baldness or thinning hair
– Infertility
– Skin tags or dark skin patches

Can PCOS Be Asymptomatic?

Yes, it is possible to have PCOS without experiencing noticeable symptoms. Many individuals are unaware of their condition until they face fertility issues or unexplained weight gain. Some may have mild PCOS with less severe symptoms.

Diagnosis and Evaluation

At Venkata Padma Hospital, our healthcare professionals diagnose PCOS through a combination of medical history, symptoms, and physical examinations, including a pelvic examination. To rule out other health issues and ensure an accurate diagnosis, we may also conduct:

– Ultrasound imaging to assess ovarian size and the presence of cysts.
– Blood tests to measure androgen and hormone levels, as well as glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.

Tailored Treatment Options

Treatment for PCOS is individualized based on various factors, including age, symptom severity, and future pregnancy plans. Our treatments aim to manage symptoms effectively.

For those planning to conceive:

– Lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet and increased physical activity.
– Medications to induce ovulation, although these may carry certain risks, such as multiple pregnancies or ovarian hyperstimulation.

For those not planning pregnancy:

– Birth control pills to regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and manage acne.
– Diabetes medication to address insulin resistance and control hormone levels.
– Lifestyle changes to promote weight loss and symptom relief.
– Medications to target specific symptoms like excessive hair growth or acne.

PCOS Complications

PCOS can increase the risk of serious health problems, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart and vascular issues, and uterine cancer. Fertility challenges are also common among women with PCOS.